AGP Executive Report

Sudan Public Health: Sudan’s health system is buckling under conflict-linked disease spread, with cholera, dengue, and malaria rising across multiple states; Darfur and Kordofan saw a fresh cholera wave in June, and Blue Nile reported hundreds of dengue cases as clean water and sanitation services collapse. De-escalation Diplomacy: In Cairo, the Arab League chief met the UN envoy for Sudan to push for ending hostilities, protecting civilians, restoring humanitarian access, and restarting a Sudanese-led political process through the Quintet mechanism. Flood Recovery Talks: Sudanese-linked regional reporting also highlights how flood-hit districts are seeking rehabilitation support and safer infrastructure planning after river flooding, underscoring the wider climate-and-disaster pressure on fragile services. Global Climate & Governance: At BRICS in New Delhi, UN chief António Guterres urged reform of global institutions and called for climate justice and peace—while Modi announced an integrated early warning system for infectious diseases, a reminder that Sudan’s outbreaks are part of a wider regional risk. AI Risk Watch: Separate coverage warns the AI race could widen global inequality and security gaps—relevant as Sudan’s crisis response depends on reliable systems and access.

Sudan Peace Talks: Arab League chief Nabil Fahmy met UN envoy Pekka Haavisto in Cairo to push de-escalation in Sudan, with shared priorities to end hostilities, protect civilians, deliver humanitarian aid under international law, and start a Sudanese-led political process. Global Climate & SDGs Finance: UN chief António Guterres told BRICS that climate action and SDG delivery need “massive” support for developing countries, urging reform of global finance, bigger multilateral development banks, and debt relief that enables climate justice. UN Reform & Security Council: Guterres also backed calls to expand the UN Security Council, arguing today’s realities demand institutional reform for more balance and equity—an issue repeatedly tied to Sudan’s ongoing crisis. AI Divide Warning: Guterres warned that unequal access to AI could widen global inequality, stressing that developing countries lack computing power, data, and skills—raising stakes for resilience planning. Sudan Environment Snapshot (EPI): Iraq ranked near the bottom in the 2026 Environmental Performance Index, while Sudan scored 31.3—highlighting how environmental pressures and weak services can compound vulnerability in conflict settings. Humanitarian Delivery: Qatar Charity reported aid reaching over 10 million people worldwide, with Sudan listed among top humanitarian priorities and water/sanitation support included.

UN Security Council reform & AI governance: UN chief Antonio Guterres told BRICS in New Delhi that unequal access to artificial intelligence could widen global divides, urging support for AI capacity-building and funds so developing countries benefit too. He also backed calls to expand the UN Security Council to reflect today’s realities. Global peace push with Sudan in the spotlight: Guterres urged peace “from Gaza… to Ukraine, Sudan and beyond,” linking conflict resolution to inclusive growth and stressing respect for UN Charter and international law. BRICS climate-and-resilience agenda: India’s Modi warned that geopolitical tensions, supply shocks and climate crises are hitting ordinary people, and said BRICS agreed on an integrated early warning system for infectious diseases plus disaster-management guidelines. Sudan-linked humanitarian response: Qatar Charity reported aid reaching over 10 million people worldwide (Jan–July 2026), with Sudan named among top humanitarian priorities and water/sanitation, health and food security support included. Environmental performance snapshot: Sudan scored 31.3 in the 2026 Environmental Performance Index, ranking low globally and below several Arab states, underscoring ongoing pressures on air, water, waste and biodiversity.

BRICS Summit (New Delhi): Leaders adopted the 140-point New Delhi Declaration, calling for UN Security Council reform, pushing back against unilateral tariffs, and urging “maximum restraint” in the Middle East while also naming crises including Sudan. Humanitarian Relief (Sudan-linked): Qatar Charity reported aid worth about QR 809mn from January–July 2026, reaching 10+ million people across 44 countries, with Sudan listed among top emergency priorities. Public Health & Environment: Sudan faces a worsening health crisis as conflict-hit services struggle against outbreaks of cholera, dengue, and malaria, with sanitation and clean water systems disrupted. Chemical Weapons Probe: Separate reporting highlights renewed calls for inquiry into alleged chemical weapons use in Sudan, including chlorine-related concerns. Climate & Food Security: New research warns that weakening Atlantic ocean currents could sharply reduce global food production, raising risks for breadbaskets—an indirect pressure point for Sudan’s food security.

Mining & Pollution in Sudan: In Abu Hamad (River Nile), artisanal gold mining has expanded since 2008, leaving hundreds of toxic waste mounds that are poisoning soil, water and air. Locals say tailings runoff has driven salinity spikes and slashed farm output, while chemicals used in processing (including cyanide and mercury) raise health fears. Public Health Crisis: Sudan’s health system is buckling under conflict and shortages as outbreaks of cholera, dengue, and malaria spread across multiple states. WHO data cited in coverage points to thousands of cholera cases and deaths since 2024, with sanitation and clean water services disrupted. Humanitarian Support for Sudan: Qatar Charity says it delivered about QR809 million in humanitarian and development work from January to end-July 2026, reaching over 10 million people across 44 countries, with specific focus on crises including Sudan. War, Drones & Regional Spillover: Reports say Ukrainian drone specialists have been deployed to Mali and that some were also stationed in Sudan, highlighting how drone know-how is spreading across conflict zones. Climate & Food Security: A new study warns that weakening Atlantic ocean currents could sharply reduce global food production, raising the risk of higher commodity prices—an added pressure point for Sudan’s food security.

Public Health Emergency: Sudan’s health system is buckling under conflict and aid shortages as cholera, dengue fever, and malaria spread across multiple states, with Darfur and Kordofan hit by a fresh cholera wave and Blue Nile reporting rising dengue cases. Environmental Pollution & Food Loss: In Abu Hamad (River Nile), artisanal gold mining has left hundreds of toxic waste mounds poisoning soil, water, and air, driving soil salinity up and crushing local agriculture. Chemical Weapons Allegations: Chemical weapons experts are calling for an international inquiry into reports that Sudan’s military developed and used chlorine-filled munitions, after investigations pointed to possible chlorine attacks in 2024–2025. Water, Climate, and Risk: A new study warns that weakening Atlantic ocean currents could sharply reduce global food production, raising commodity prices—an outside shock that matters for Sudan’s food security. Diplomacy & Civilians: The international Quintet’s Khartoum talks stress no military solution and push for an inclusive Sudanese-led political process, while Sudanese civil society rejects military-sponsored dialogue as “political cover.”

Chemical Weapons & Public Health: Experts are urging an OPCW-led inquiry after reports and alleged signs of chlorine-based chemical weapons use in Sudan’s civil war, including claims of a rudimentary chlorine-bomb programme and possible attacks in 2024–2025. Food Security & Aid Access: WFP says South Korea will fund emergency food for 365,000 people and restart school feeding for 23,000 children in Khartoum, as Sudan’s hunger crisis deepens and clinic access shrinks amid funding cuts. Toxic Gold Mining: In Abu Hamad, River Nile, artisanal gold mining is leaving hundreds of waste mounds that are poisoning soil, water and air, driving salinity spikes and collapsing local farming. Water, Climate Extremes & Risk: A global report highlights how climate shocks and conflict are squeezing humanitarian action, while AFP notes the hottest June–August on record, with drought impacts reported in Sudan. Diplomacy & Civilians: The international Quintet wrapped up Khartoum talks, rejecting parallel governing structures and stressing no military solution—while Sudan civil society rejects a military-sponsored “Sudanese-Sudanese dialogue” as political cover. Land & Investment: Northern Bahr el Ghazal officials assessed land for an Egyptian meat-processing and milk-production investment in Aweil, with community consultations underway.

Chemical Weapons & Public Health: Former OPCW officials and chemical weapons experts are urging an international inquiry into allegations that Sudan’s military used chlorine-filled munitions in the civil war, citing reports of respiratory distress, unusual odours, and environmental harm from incidents in 2024–2025. Food Security & Water-Linked Hunger: Korea has pledged $5 million to WFP for emergency food for 365,000 people and school meals for 23,000 children in Sudan, including support to restart school feeding in Khartoum State after years of conflict-related suspension. Climate Extremes: A Copernicus-backed AFP analysis says the hottest June-to-August period on record hit 1.3 billion people, with drought and heat impacts reported in Sudan alongside extreme heatwaves and smoke elsewhere. Aid Underfunding: A new humanitarian system report warns that funding cuts are leaving tens of millions receiving less aid, noting constraints on operations in Sudan as needs rise. Peace Process & Civilians: The international Quintet Mechanism says there is no military solution and rejects parallel governing structures, pushing for a credible, inclusive Sudanese-led political track that protects civilians. Civil Society Pushback: Sudanese civil society groups reject El Burhan’s proposed “Sudanese-Sudanese dialogue” as lacking neutrality and risking “political cover” while the war continues.

Humanitarian Aid Squeeze: A new ALNAP report warns that global funding cuts are shrinking aid just as conflict and climate shocks surge, noting Sudan is among places where political obstruction and violations of humanitarian law limit what aid can do. Heat and Drought Pressure: Copernicus data analyzed by AFP says the hottest June–August on record hit 52 countries, with drought in Sudan highlighted as part of a wider extreme-heat pattern tied to El Niño. Food Security Boost: WFP says South Korea will provide $5 million for emergency food for 365,000 people and school meals for 23,000 children in Sudan, aiming to restart feeding in Khartoum State after years of suspension. Aid Cuts Hit Health Access: MSF warns that humanitarian funding cuts are forcing clinic closures across Sudan, pushing patients to travel farther and increasing strain on remaining hospitals. Chemical Weapons Allegations: Former OPCW officials cited by Euronews say there are credible indicators of possible chemical weapons use in Sudan (including chlorine-linked incidents in 2024–2025), urging further investigation. Civilians and Water Security: A separate report on Sudan’s conflict notes chlorine’s role as an essential substance and raises concerns about risks to civilians if supply is disrupted. Peace Process Watch: Sudan’s Sovereignty Council chief met the UN-AU-EU-Arab League-IGAD Quintet, with talks focused on peace efforts and a political process, stressing there is “no military solution” and that civilian protection must come first.

Peace & Politics: Sudan’s Transitional Sovereignty Council chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan met the international Quintet Mechanism (UN, AU, EU, Arab League, IGAD) in Khartoum to discuss peace efforts and a civilian political process, with AU mediator Mohamed Ibn Chambas stressing there is “no military solution” and calling for steps to protect civilians. War’s Environmental Toll: A new investigation reports credible chlorine-linked chemical weapons allegations in Sudan’s civil war, citing witness accounts and warning of risks to civilians, the environment, and natural resources. Aid Cuts, Health Crisis: Médecins Sans Frontières says humanitarian funding cuts are forcing clinic closures across Sudan, pushing patients into longer, riskier journeys and straining remaining hospitals. Water & Land Management: A transboundary water expert argues Egypt and Sudan should share the costs of Ethiopia’s watershed restoration and afforestation, saying better watersheds reduce erosion, protect water quality, and stabilize flows downstream. Food Security Pressure: Analysts warn that disruptions to major shipping routes (including the Red Sea and Black Sea) can quickly raise food prices and deepen hunger risks when multiple corridors face pressure at once.

Chemical Weapons & Public Health: A new investigation says Sudan’s war may have included chlorine-based chemical attacks, pointing to witness accounts of breathing trouble, unusual smells and colored blasts, and urging an independent probe after claims of a hidden chlorine munitions program tied to incidents near Khartoum in 2024. Aid Access & Health: Médecins Sans Frontières warns that international aid funding cuts are forcing clinic closures and pushing patients into longer, riskier journeys, with admissions rising in some supported facilities in Central Darfur as support stops elsewhere. War’s Environmental Toll: The same rights-focused reporting flags that chemical use could harm civilians and damage the environment and natural resources, raising fears for water and long-term health. Regional Water Security: A transboundary water expert argues Egypt and Sudan should have shared the costs of Ethiopia’s watershed restoration and afforestation, saying better watersheds reduce erosion and protect downstream water quality and flows. Logistics for Power: A 10,000-tonne floating power barge was delivered to Port Sudan to support civilian electricity for critical infrastructure, showing how weather and shipping coordination shape relief and recovery.

Chemical Weapons Allegations: A leaked dossier cited by Sudanese human rights monitors claims the Sudanese Armed Forces used chlorine-based munitions made from international relief materials, raising fresh alarms about harm to civilians and the environment. Health Crisis from Aid Cuts: Médecins Sans Frontières warns that funding withdrawals are forcing clinic closures across Sudan, leaving patients to travel farther for care as admissions in supported facilities in Central Darfur rise. Humanitarian Protection: The ICRC chief says wars must not become a “tolerated norm,” urging renewed diplomacy to prevent further civilian suffering. Darfur Justice: The ICC hears calls for “effective and tangible” reparations for Ali Kushayb victims, with proposals including medical help, education, and reintegration support. Water & Food Security: A transboundary water expert argues Egypt and Sudan should have shared Ethiopia’s watershed restoration and afforestation costs, warning that poor watersheds can mean sediment, flooding, and degraded water quality. Aid Access & Trade Pressure: WFP highlights how disruptions to major shipping routes can trigger food price spikes and hunger risks—an issue that matters acutely for Sudan’s already strained supply lines. Plant Biosecurity: Agricultural officials meet in Cairo to strengthen regional cooperation against transboundary pests, linking plant health to climate-stressed food security. Sudan Peace Process: The Quintet initiative is set for its first visit to Khartoum for talks on a civilian-led political process and conflict de-escalation.

Aid & Health Access: Médecins Sans Frontières says international aid cuts are forcing mass clinic closures across Sudan, leaving patients to travel farther while a few supported hospitals in Central Darfur saw admissions jump 22.5% (Jan–Apr 2026) and 45 general healthcare centres stopped receiving support in May. Food Security & Trade Disruptions: A new analysis warns that conflict-linked pressure on major shipping corridors—Strait of Hormuz, the Red Sea route via Bab-el-Mandeb/Suez, and the Black Sea grain corridor—could create a “triple chokepoint,” driving sharp price rises and pushing more people toward hunger. Water Diplomacy: A senior transboundary water expert argues Egypt and Sudan should have shared Ethiopia’s watershed restoration and afforestation costs, saying better watershed management can cut erosion and sediment that otherwise harms water quality and downstream infrastructure. Plant Biosecurity: Agricultural officials from across the Middle East and North Africa met in Cairo to strengthen cooperation against transboundary pests and diseases, with climate change and trade disruptions raising risks to food production. Energy & Logistics: Danish firm Vectura Resource coordinated delivery of a 10,000-tonne floating power barge to Port Sudan to support civilian power generation and electricity for critical infrastructure. Regional Peace Process: The AU-UN-IGAD-League of Arab States-EU “Quintet” begins its first visit to Khartoum for talks aimed at a civilian-led political process, truce conditions, and prisoner exchange. Global Policy Watch: UN rights chief Volker Turk warned advanced AI could pose an existential threat and urged “cast-iron guarantees,” while also flagging risks to services and communications.

Sudan Peace Talks: UN envoy Pekka Haavisto met Sudan’s top leadership in Khartoum, urging de-escalation and an inclusive political process, with hopes for prisoner and civilian detainee exchanges as talks continue. Human Rights Watch: The UN Human Rights Council’s 63rd session opened in Geneva, with Sudan on the agenda and Volker Turk warning that rights crises—including in Sudan—will be closely examined. Climate, Conflict Link: A new analysis warns that climate change is reshaping food, water and farmland, raising the risk of instability where institutions are weak—an issue that resonates for Sudan’s rural communities under pressure. Water Security Pressure: Egypt reiterated the Nile as a top national priority, saying any action affecting water interests is unacceptable and disputes must follow international law—key context for Sudan’s downstream stakes. Land and Soil Lessons: A long-running Rwanda eucalyptus experiment highlights how fast-growing plantations can affect water use and soil quality over decades, adding to the region’s debate on land management and sustainability. AI Safety Warning: UN rights chief Volker Turk urged “cast-iron guarantees” for advanced AI, warning failures could disrupt services and communications—relevant as Sudan’s systems face growing stress.

Sudan Peace Talks: UN envoy Pekka Haavisto met Sudan’s top leadership in Khartoum, urging de-escalation, protection of civilians, and an “inclusive and strategic” political process, with hopes for prisoner and civilian detainee exchanges between the army and RSF. Water Security: Egypt’s foreign minister said the Nile remains a top national priority for Egypt and Sudan, warning that any action affecting water interests is unacceptable and disputes must follow international law. Human Rights Oversight: The UN Human Rights Council session opens in Geneva with Sudan listed among key crises for discussion, as Volker Turk presents an updated global rights overview. Conflict, Climate, and Risk: A wider report flags how climate pressures and displacement are deepening Sudan’s rural challenges, while another item notes low Nile levels worsening hunger conditions.

Climate & Water Stress: A new UNDP and Médecins Sans Frontières look at Sudan highlights how climate change is squeezing pastoralists and smallholders—shorter grazing windows, earlier forced migrations, and deeper conflicts as farming expands into traditional routes. Humanitarian Access & Conflict Impacts: In South Kordofan, clashes tied to land disputes and rebel attacks have left dozens dead and hundreds displaced, with families still struggling to reach water and healthcare. Arms & Civilian Protection: The Civil Democratic Alliance of Revolutionary Forces (Sumood) urges the UN Security Council to expand Darfur’s arms embargo across all Sudan and push targeted sanctions on weapon suppliers, alongside renewed support for the UN fact-finding mission. Nile Governance Debate: An OpEd argues Ethiopia’s “Blue Nile” approach is shifting from one dam fight to a broader storage-and-rules contest—warning Sudan’s risk grows without data, alerts, and a binding operating deal. Policy & Rights Watch: The UN Human Rights Council’s upcoming autumn session will include Sudan among key crisis discussions, with attention also on access to clean water and sanitation.